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Iodoform stored in an ampoule. Iodoform (also known as triiodomethane) is the organoiodine compound with the chemical formula C H I 3.It is a pale yellow, crystalline, volatile substance, with a penetrating and distinctive odor (in older chemistry texts, the smell is sometimes referred to as that of hospitals, where the compound is still commonly used) and, analogous to chloroform, sweetish taste.
Substrates are broadly limited to methyl ketones and secondary alcohols oxidizable to methyl ketones, such as isopropanol.The only primary alcohol and aldehyde to undergo this reaction are ethanol and acetaldehyde, respectively. 1,3-Diketones such as acetylacetone also undergo this reaction. β-ketoacids such as acetoacetic acid will also give the test upon heating.
Ketones may be distinguished from aldehydes by giving a negative result with Tollens' reagent or with Fehling's solution. Methyl ketones give positive results for the iodoform test. [7] Ketones also give positive results when treated with m-dinitrobenzene in presence of dilute sodium hydroxide to give violet coloration.
Iodomethane, also called methyl iodide, and commonly abbreviated "MeI", is the chemical compound with the formula CH 3 I. It is a dense , colorless, volatile liquid. In terms of chemical structure, it is related to methane by replacement of one hydrogen atom by an atom of iodine .
The acetone excess suppresses various possible side-reactions: the ketone and proline to an oxazolidinone; and two copies of the aldehyde and proline decarboxylating to an azomethine ylide. The flurry of research sparked by this publication clarified multiple long-standing questions.
It oxidatively cleaves methyl ketones to give iodoform. [2] References This page was last edited on 13 December 2024, at 13:22 (UTC). Text is available under the ...
The compound with the carbonyl functional group (in this case a ketone) will tautomerize to the enol form, after which it attacks the iminium ion. On methyl ketones, the enolization and the Mannich addition can occur twice, followed by an β-elimination to yield β-amino enone derivatives.
Mesityl oxide is used as a solvent and in the production of methyl isobutyl ketone by hydrogenation: [5] Further hydrogenation gives 4-methyl-2-pentanol (methyl isobutyl carbinol). Dimedone is another established use of mesityl oxide.