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Ocular hypertension is the presence of elevated fluid pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure), usually with no optic nerve damage or visual field loss. [1] [2]For most individuals, the normal range of intraocular pressure is between 10 mmHg and 21 mmHg. [3]
Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is an eye disease, a neuropathy of the optic nerve, that shows all the characteristics of primary open angle glaucoma except one: the elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) - the classic hallmark of glaucoma - is missing. Normal tension glaucoma is in many cases closely associated with general issues of blood ...
A patient in front of a tonometer. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the fluid pressure inside the eye. Tonometry is the method eye care professionals use to determine this. IOP is an important aspect in the evaluation of patients at risk of glaucoma. [1] Most tonometers are calibrated to measure pressure in millimeters of mercury .
Conversely, optic nerve damage may occur with normal pressure, known as normal-tension glaucoma. [27] In case of above-normal intraocular pressure, the mechanism of open-angle glaucoma is believed to be the impeded exit of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork, while in closed-angle glaucoma, the iris blocks the trabecular meshwork. [2]
Glaucoma is an eye disease often characterized by increased pressure within the eye or intraocular pressure (IOP). [61] Glaucoma causes visual field loss as well as severs the optic nerve. [62] Early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma in patients is imperative because glaucoma is triggered by non-specific levels of IOP. [62]
It is an important test in the evaluation of patients at risk from glaucoma. [1] Most tonometers are calibrated to measure pressure in millimeters of mercury ( mmHg ), with the normal eye pressure range between 10 and 21 mmHg (13–28 hPa).
Best known is the higher risk of normal tension glaucoma, a disease with an impaired regulation of blood flow in a large number of patients. [9] If glaucomatous damage occurs despite normal eye pressure or if glaucomatous damage is progressive despite normalized intraocular pressure, frequently Flammer syndrome is the cause.
The blockage leads to greater-than-normal elevated intraocular pressure [2] which, in turn, can damage the optic nerve. [7] The eye produces a clear fluid called the aqueous humor which subsequently drains such that there is a constant level of safe pressure within the eye, but glaucoma can result if this normal outflow of fluid is blocked.