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Ikeda Daisaku was born in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan, on 2 January 1928. Ikeda had four older brothers, two younger brothers, and a younger sister. His parents later adopted two more children, for a total of 10 children. Since the mid-nineteenth century, the Ikeda family had successfully farmed nori, edible seaweed, in Tokyo Bay.
By 1967 Ikeda had completed 13 trips abroad to strengthen the overseas organizations. [108] The Gakkai's first overseas mission, called Nichiren Shoshu of America (NSA), grew rapidly and claimed some 200,000 American adherents by 1970. [109] Ikeda founded Soka Junior and Senior High Schools in 1968 and Soka University in 1971. [110]
Soka Gakkai International (SGI) is an international Nichiren Buddhist organization founded in 1975 by Daisaku Ikeda, as an umbrella organization of Soka Gakkai. It is run by two vice-presidents, including Hiromasa Ikeda, son of the founder. It claims 12 million adherents, but scholars claim the number is overestimated.
In 1979, Ikeda became the honorary president of the global wing of the sect called Soka Gakkai International, which claims 2.8 million members in over 190 countries and territories.
Typically, a discussion meeting consists of sutra recitation and chanting daimoku, sharing of experiences and encouragement, study and guidance, and efforts at encouraging new attendees to start their Buddhist practice. [3] [10] [11] There is a meeting leader whose job it is to encourage discussion. [12]
The Human Revolution (人間革命, Ningen Kakumei) is a roman à clef written by Daisaku Ikeda when he was the leader of the Soka Gakkai buddhist organization. It was published between 1964 and 1995 in a newspaper belonging to the Buddhist organization, the Seikyo Shimbun.
Nichiren Shōshū (日 蓮 正 宗, English: The Orthodox School of Nichiren) is a branch of Nichiren Buddhism based on the traditionalist teachings of the 13th century Japanese Buddhist priest Nichiren (1222–1282), claiming him as its founder through his senior disciple Nikko Shonin (1246–1333), the founder of Head Temple Taiseki-ji, near Mount Fuji.
The earliest authenticated use of "Namu-myōhō-renge-kyō" dates back to 881, in a prayer composed by Sugawara no Michizane for his deceased parents. [8] By the late 10th and early 11th centuries, the daimoku was being chanted on Mt. Hiei as an expression of devotion to the Dharma.