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Reader-response theory recognizes the reader as an active agent who imparts "real existence" to the work and completes its meaning through interpretation. Reader-response criticism argues that literature should be viewed as a performing art in which each reader creates their own, possibly unique, text-related performance.
David Bleich is an American literary theorist and academic. He is noted for developing the Bleich "heuristic", a reader-response approach to teaching literature. [1]He is also a proponent of reader-response criticism to literature, advocating subjective interpretations of literary texts.
Jane Tompkins (born 1940) is an American literary scholar who has worked on canon formation, feminist literary criticism, and reader response criticism. [1] She has also coined and developed the notion of cultural work in literary studies [2] [3] and contributed to the new historicist form of literary criticism that emerged in the 1980s.
The idea has been very influential in reader-response criticism, though it has also been very controversial. It is sometimes interpreted as a relativistic standpoint that downplays verbal meaning. Fish, contrary to this, is a staunch advocate of his own readings of various texts.
For the reader's part, he or she must pay close attention to every detail of the text and pay equal attention to his or her own responses. This process exemplifies not only reader-response criticism but also close reading. This inclusion of Rosenblatt's "transactional" theory within the designation "reader-response," however, needs to be contested.
According to Ousby, 'Among modern critical uses of psychoanalysis is the development of "ego psychology" in the work of Norman Holland, who concentrates on the relations between reader and text' [14] – as with reader response criticism. Rollin writes that 'Holland's experiments in reader response theory suggest that we all read literature ...
France's government collapsed Wednesday after Prime Minister Michel Barnier was forced out in a no-confidence vote in Parliament, reigniting a summertime political crisis for the country as it ...
Reader-response rejects New Criticism's attempt to find an objective meaning via the text itself; instead, it denies the stability and accessibility of meaning completely. It rejects ideological approaches to literary texts that attempt to impose a lens through which a text is to be understood. [ 21 ]