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2020 – Astronomers report to have discovered the disk galaxy Wolfe Disk, dating back to when the universe was only 1.5 billion years old, possibly indicating the need to revise theories of galaxy formation and evolution. [32] [33] [34] [35]
The reason is that these galaxy formation models predict a large number of mergers. If disk galaxies merge with another galaxy of comparable mass (at least 15 percent of its mass) the merger will likely destroy, or at a minimum greatly disrupt the disk, and the resulting galaxy is not expected to be a disk galaxy (see next section).
The Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253) is an example of a disc galaxy. A galactic disc (or galactic disk) is a component of disc galaxies, such as spiral galaxies like the Milky Way and lenticular galaxies. Galactic discs consist of a stellar component (composed of most of the galaxy's stars) and a gaseous component (mostly composed of cool gas and dust).
The thin disk of our galaxy began to form when the universe was about 5 billion years old or 9 ± 2 Gya. [15] The Solar System formed at about 9.2 billion years (4.6 Gya), [ 5 ] : 22.2.3 with the earliest evidence of life on Earth emerging by about 10 billion years (3.8 Gya).
The star is surrounded by a disk where planets may form. Astronomers have spotted a massive young star in a neighboring galaxy called the Large Magellanic Cloud. The star is surrounded by a disk ...
This gave an isophotal diameter for the Milky Way at 26.8 ± 1.1 kiloparsecs (87,400 ± 3,600 light-years), by assuming that the galactic disc is well represented by an exponential disc and adopting a central surface brightness of the galaxy (μ 0) of 22.1 ± 0.3 B-mag/arcsec −2 and a disk scale length (h) of 5.0 ± 0.5 kpc (16,300 ± 1,600 ly).
The star, growing and accreting material from the surrounding disk, is about 10 to 20 times more massive than the sun and perhaps 10,000 times more luminous. In a first, a newborn star's spinning ...
A graphical view of the Cosmic Calendar, featuring the months of the year, days of December, the final minute, and the final second. The Cosmic Calendar is a method to visualize the chronology of the universe, scaling its currently understood age of 13.787 billion years to a single year in order to help intuit it for pedagogical purposes in science education or popular science.