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Ivan IV Vasilyevich (Russian: Иван IV Васильевич; [d] 25 August 1530 – 28 March [O.S. 18 March] 1584), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible, [e] was Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia from 1533 to 1547, and the first Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia from 1547 until his death in 1584. [3] Ivan's reign was characterised by ...
Ivan the Terrible and His Son Ivan on 16 November 1581 [a] is a painting by Russian realist artist Ilya Repin made between 1883 and 1885. It depicts the grief-stricken Russian tsar Ivan the Terrible cradling his dying son, the Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich , shortly after Ivan the Terrible had dealt a fatal blow to his son's head in a fit of anger.
Ivan the Terrible meditating at the deathbed of his son by Vyacheslav Schwarz (1861) Ivan was the second son of Ivan IV of Russia ("the Terrible") by his first wife Anastasia Romanovna. His brother was Feodor, who would eventually succeed his father as tsar. The young Ivan accompanied his father during the Massacre of Novgorod at the age
Ivan's terrible ‘vengeance’ left Novgorod severely wounded. The death toll of the massacre is uncertain. According to the Third Novgorod Chronicle, the massacre lasted for five weeks. The First Pskov Chronicle gives the number of victims as 60,000. These numbers are debated, however, and are not from an impartial source. [17]
The Death of Ivan the Terrible was first performed at the Alexandrinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg in 1867. [10] It was not a success, due to the lead role having been given to a comic actor. [11] The world-famous Moscow Art Theatre began its second season with a production of the play, which opened on 29 September 1899. [12]
It is also informally known as the Tsar Book (Царь-книга), in an analogy with Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon. [2] The set of manuscripts was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible specifically for his royal library. [1] The literal meaning of the Russian title is "face chronicle," alluding to the numerous hand-painted miniatures.
In the testament of Ivan IV, which has only survived in an 18th-century copy and is dated by historians to the 1570s, Feodor's brother was blessed with the tsardom along with most of the tsar's personal domain, with Feodor being given an appanage; however, the testament lost its validity following the sudden death of Ivan Ivanovich. [12]
The collection formed part of the dowry of Sophia Palaiologina, the second wife of Ivan III (married in 1472) and a member of the last Byzantine imperial dynasty. Ivan IV cursed the library before his death, causing blindness to those that came close to locating the books.