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The possibility of standard model particles moving at faster-than-light speeds can be modeled using Lorentz invariance violating terms, for example in the Standard-Model Extension. [19] [20] [21] In this framework, neutrinos experience Lorentz-violating oscillations and can travel faster than light at high energies. This proposal was strongly ...
Some processes propagate faster than c, but cannot carry information (see examples in the sections immediately following). In some materials where light travels at speed c/n (where n is the refractive index) other particles can travel faster than c/n (but still slower than c), leading to Cherenkov radiation (see phase velocity below).
In physics, a tachyonic field, or simply tachyon, is a quantum field with an imaginary mass. [1] Although tachyonic particles (particles that move faster than light) are a purely hypothetical concept that violate a number of essential physical principles, at least one field with imaginary mass, the Higgs field, is believed to exist.
The rapidly moving particles constantly collide among themselves and with the walls of the container, and all these collisions are perfectly elastic. Interactions (i.e. collisions) between particles are strictly binary and uncorrelated , meaning that there are no three-body (or higher) interactions, and the particles have no memory.
Time dilation explains a number of physical phenomena; for example, the lifetime of high speed muons created by the collision of cosmic rays with particles in the Earth's outer atmosphere and moving towards the surface is greater than the lifetime of slowly moving muons, created and decaying in a laboratory. [33] Figure 4–2.
These two types of relativistic particles are remarked as massless and massive, respectively. In experiments, massive particles are relativistic when their kinetic energy is comparable to or greater than the energy = corresponding to their rest mass. In other words, a massive particle is relativistic when its total mass-energy is at least twice ...
It is not at all clear that the forces exerted on the test particle are equal. (1) Since the bottom stream is moving faster than the top, each particle in the bottom stream has a larger mass energy than a particle in the top. (2) Because of Lorentz contraction, there are more particles per unit length in the bottom stream than in the top stream.
The glitch's effect was to decrease the reported flight time of the neutrinos by 73 ns, making them seem faster than light. [16] [17] A clock on an electronic board ticked faster than its expected 10 MHz frequency, lengthening the reported flight-time of neutrinos, thereby somewhat reducing the seeming faster-than-light effect.