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Courtly love (Occitan: fin'amor; French: amour courtois [amuʁ kuʁtwa]) was a medieval European literary conception of love that emphasized nobility and chivalry. Medieval literature is filled with examples of knights setting out on adventures and performing various deeds or services for ladies because of their "courtly love".
They often revolve around idealized treatments of courtly love ("fine amors", see grand chant) and religious devotion, although many can be found that take a more frank, earthy look at love. Other genres well represented in the surviving works by trouvères are debate songs known as jeu-partis , pastourelles , dance songs, and chansons de femme ...
Courtly Love Songs of Medieval France: Transmission and Style in the Trouvère Repertoire. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Slocum, Kay Brainerd (1995). "Confrerie, Bruderschaft and Guild: The Formation of Musicians' Fraternal Organisations in Thirteenth- and Fourteenth-Century Europe." Early Music History, 14:257–74.
Their songs dealt mainly with themes of chivalry and courtly love. Several established categories of poetry and song were: Canso or canson were songs concerning courtly love. Sirventes songs covered war, politics, morality, satire, humor, and topics outside of love. Tenso and Partiment is a dialog or debate between poets; Planh is a lament on a ...
Troubadour songs are generally referred to by their incipits, that is, their opening lines. If this is long, or after it has already been mentioned, an abbreviation of the incipit may be used for convenience. A few troubadour songs are known by "nicknames", thus D'un sirventes far by Guilhem Figueira is commonly called the Sirventes contra Roma ...
The predominant theme of the grand chant was courtly love, but topics were more broad than in the canso, especially after the thirteenth century. The monophonic grand chant of the High Middle Ages (12th–13th centuries) was in many respects the predecessor of the polyphonic chanson of the Late Middle Ages (14th–15th centuries).
Poetry took numerous forms in medieval Europe, for example, lyric and epic poetry. The troubadours, trouvères, and the minnesänger are known for composing their lyric poetry about courtly love usually accompanied by an instrument. [1] Among the most famous of secular poetry is Carmina Burana, a manuscript collection of 254 poems.
The Puy d'Arras, called in its own day the Puy Notre-Dame, was a medieval poetical society formed in Arras for holding contests between trouvères and pour maintenir amour et joie (for maintaining love and joy, i.e. the courtly love lyric). The term puy is Old French for "place of eminence", from Latin podium.