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De Facto Classification of Exchange Rate Arrangements, as of April 30, 2021, and Monetary Policy Frameworks [2]; Exchange rate arrangement (Number of countries) Exchange rate anchor
[60] [61] Foreign debt rose to more than five times the value of Iceland's GDP, and Iceland's Central Bank raised short-term interest rates to nearly 15% in 2007. Due to the plunging currency against the euro and dollar, in 2008 inflation was speculated to be at 20-25%.
In 1948, Iceland appointed an ambassador to Canada with residence in Washington, D.C. In 1949, Canada appointed a non-resident ambassador to Iceland based in Oslo, Norway. [6] In May 2001, Iceland established an embassy in the Canadian capital of Ottawa and Canada followed suit by opening an embassy in Reykjavík. [6]
Japan's reserves are diversified and consist of a mix of foreign currency assets (such as US dollars, euros, and other major currencies), government bonds, gold, and Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Gross Average Monthly Wages (USD, at current exchange rates) [4] Year Switzerland * 8,765 2023 Luxembourg * 7,292 2023 Iceland * 6,778 2023 United States * 6,676 2023 Denmark * 6,023 2023 Norway * 5,437 2023 Belgium * 5,108 2023 Netherlands * 5,005 2023 Canada * 5,004 2023 Ireland * 4,865 2023 Austria * 4,798 2023
Total net social spending in terms of percent of GDP, takes into account public and private social expenditure, and also includes the effect of direct taxes (income tax and social security contributions), indirect taxation of consumption on cash benefits, as well as tax breaks for social purposes.
Iceland's stock market, the Iceland Stock Exchange (ISE), was established in 1985. [147] Iceland is ranked 27th in the 2012 Index of Economic Freedom, lower than in prior years but still among the freest in the world. [148] As of 2016, it ranks 29th in the World Economic Forum's Global Competitive Index, one place lower than in 2015. [149]
Canada is noted for having a positive relationship with the Netherlands, owing, in part, to its contribution to the Dutch liberation during World War II. [22] Canada has diplomatic and consular offices in over 270 locations in approximately 180 foreign countries. [1] Canada is a member of various international organizations and forums. [23]