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Superfluidity is the characteristic property of a fluid with zero viscosity which therefore flows without any loss of kinetic energy. When stirred, a superfluid forms vortices that continue to rotate indefinitely. Superfluidity occurs in two isotopes of helium (helium-3 and helium-4) when they are liquefied by cooling to cryogenic temperatures.
1937 – Superfluidity is discovered in helium-4 by Pyotr Kapitsa [55] and independently by John F. Allen and Don Misener. [56] 1937 – Lev Landau introduces Landau theory of phase transitions. 1940-1941 – László Tisza and Landau introduce the two-fluid model for helium. 1941 – Landau introduces the concept of second sound in condensed ...
1937 – Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa and John Frank Allen/Don Misener discover superfluidity [12] [13] 1941 – Lev Davidovich Landau explains superfluidity [14] [15] 1942 – Hannes Alfvén predicts magnetohydrodynamic waves in plasmas [16] 1944 – Lars Onsager publishes the exact solution to the two-dimensional Ising model [17]
Scientists have officially spotted characteristics of superfluidity (a quantum fluid with zero viscosity) inside a two-dimensional supersolid for the first time.
1937 – Muon discovered by Carl David Anderson and Seth Neddermeyer; 1938 – Pyotr Kapitsa: Superfluidity discovered; 1938 – Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and Fritz Strassmann Nuclear fission discovered; 1938–39 – Stellar fusion explains energy production in stars [citation needed] 1939 – Uranium fission discovered; 1941 – Feynman path ...
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (Dutch: [ˈɦɛikə ˈkaːmərlɪŋ ˈɔnəs]; 21 September 1853 – 21 February 1926) was a Dutch physicist.After studying in Groningen and Heidelberg, he became professor of experimental physics at the University of Leiden where he taught from 1882 to 1923.
The first eon in Earth's history, the Hadean, begins with Earth's formation and is followed by the Archean eon at 3.8 Ga. [2]: 145 The oldest rocks found on Earth date to about 4.0 Ga, and the oldest detrital zircon crystals in rocks to about 4.4 Ga, [34] [35] [36] soon after the formation of Earth's crust and Earth itself.
Known as a major facet in the study of quantum hydrodynamics and macroscopic quantum phenomena, the superfluidity effect was discovered by Pyotr Kapitsa [3] and John F. Allen, and Don Misener [4] in 1937. Onnes possibly observed the superfluid phase transition on August 2, 1911, the same day that he observed superconductivity in mercury. [5]