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Daphnia is a genus of small planktonic crustaceans, 0.2–6.0 mm (0.01–0.24 in) in length. Daphnia are members of the order Anomopoda, and are one of the several small aquatic crustaceans commonly called water fleas because their saltatory swimming style resembles the movements of fleas.
Daphnia magna is a typical water flea of the genus Daphnia. The females reach up to 5 mm in size, the males about 2 mm, thus they are among the largest species in the genus. [ 2 ] The body is protected by a translucent carapace made of chitin , a transparent polysaccharide. [ 3 ]
Daphnia lumholtzi is typically found in the warm, shallow regions [6] of bodies of water with larger surface areas. [7] While most species of Daphnia see high mortality at temperatures greater than 25 °C, [8] D. lumholtzi individuals can survive and reproduce at temperatures up to 30 °C, [8] [9] [10] with a thermal optimum occurring at 29 °C. [9]
Like all Daphnia species, D. longispina is a filter feeder, collecting particles of about 2 to 40 μm suspended in the water. [5] The main food are green algae. At 20 °C maturity is reached within about 6 to 12 days, followed by a period of regular reproduction in about 3-4 day intervals.
Daphnia cephalata King, 1853; Daphnia chevreuxi Richard, 1896; Daphnia chilensis (Hann, 1986) Daphnia coronata Sars, 1916; Daphnia dadayana Paggi, 1999; Daphnia deserti Gauthier, 1937; Daphnia dolichocephala Sars, 1895; Daphnia ephemeralis (Schwartz & Hebert, 1985) Daphnia exilis Herrick, 1895; Daphnia fusca Gurney, 1907; Daphnia gelida (Brady ...
Daphnia studeri is a species of microcrustacean in the genus Daphnia. D. studeri lives in oligotrophic freshwater and slightly brackish lakes in Antarctica and sub-Antarctic islands. Adult Daphnia studeri are typically 1.5 to 2.5 mm (0.059 to 0.098 in) [ 1 ] and colorless or slightly pink.
The switch between sexuality and parthenogenesis in such species may be triggered by the season (aphid, some gall wasps), or by a lack of males or by conditions that favour rapid population growth (rotifers and cladocerans like Daphnia). In these species asexual reproduction occurs either in summer (aphids) or as long as conditions are favourable.
Daphnia pulex is the most ... alternating between sexual and asexual reproduction. [7 ... Low nutrient availability reduces both body size and growth rate, ...