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From Grand Duchy to a Modern State: A Political History of Finland Since 1809 (Hurst & Co. 1999). Kan, Aleksander. "Storfurstendömet Finland 1809–1917 – dess autonomi enligt den nutida finska historieskrivningen" (in Swedish) ["Autonomous Finland 1809–1917 in contemporary Finnish historiography"] Historisk Tidskrift, 2008, Issue 1, pp. 3 ...
English: This 1825 map of the Grand Duchy of Finland is from a larger work, Geographical atlas of the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Poland, and the Grand Duchy of Finland (Geograficheskii atlas Rossiiskoi imperii, tsarstva Pol'skogo i velikogo kniazhestva Finliandskogo), containing 61 maps of the Russian Empire. Compiled and engraved by ...
This 1825 map of the Grand Duchy of Finland is from a larger work, geographical atlas of the Russian Empire. (1809 Diet of Porvoo) The sovereign's pledge, printed in Finnish Grand Duchy of Finland, 75 kopek assignat (1824) During the Finnish War between Sweden and Russia, Finland was again conquered by the armies of Tsar Alexander I.
the Military of the Grand Duchy of Finland was made subject to Russian rules of military service. The Language Manifesto of 1900, a decree by Nicholas II which made Russian the language of administration of Finland (in 1900, there were an estimated 8,000 Russians in all of Finland, of a population of 2,700,000)—the Finns saw this as placing ...
In the Treaty of Fredrikshamn on September 17, 1809 Sweden was obliged to cede all its territory in Finland, east of the Torne River, to Russia. The ceded territories became a part of the Russian Empire and was reconstituted into the Grand Duchy of Finland, with the Russian Tsar as Grand Duke.
Bobrikov quickly became very unpopular and hated in Finland as he was an adamant supporter of the curtailing of the grand duchy's extensive autonomy, which had in the late 1800s come into conflict with Russian ambitions of a unified and indivisible Russian state.
The assassination of Nikolay Bobrikov took place on 16 June [O.S. 3 June] 1904 when Finnish nationalist Eugen Schauman shot and killed the Governor-General of Finland, Nikolay Bobrikov, on a staircase in the Government Palace, which at the time was the main building of the Senate of Finland. After shooting Bobrikov, Schauman turned his gun on ...
Despite this, Helsinki and the rest of Finland thrived. A landmark event was hosting the Games of the XV Olympiad (1952 Summer Olympics). Finland's rapid urbanization in the 1970s, occurring late relative to the rest of Europe, tripled the population in the metropolitan area, and the Helsinki Metro subway system was built. The relatively sparse ...