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Actinomyces is a genus of the Actinomycetia class of bacteria.They all are Gram-positive and facultatively anaerobic, growing best under anaerobic conditions. [2] Actinomyces species may form endospores, and while individual bacteria are rod-shaped, Actinomyces colonies form fungus-like branched networks of hyphae. [3]
Actinomycosis is a rare infectious bacterial disease caused by the gram-positive Actinomyces species. [1] The name refers to ray-like appearance of the organisms in the granules. About 70% of infections are due to either Actinomyces israelii or A. gerencseriae. [1] Infection can also be caused by Streptomyces somaliensis and Propionibacterium ...
Actinomyces israelii is a species of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria within the genus Actinomyces. Known to live commensally on and within humans, A. israelii is an opportunistic pathogen and a cause of actinomycosis .
Actinomyces viscosus is a human and animal pathogen/pathobiont which colonises the mouths of 70% of adult humans. [1] A. viscosus has a low level of virulence and is often mistaken with other actinomycetes .
It is one of the bacteria that might be implicated in destructive periodontal disease. Although it has been found more frequently in localized aggressive periodontitis, [3] prevalence in any population is rather high. It has also been isolated from actinomycotic lesions (mixed infection with certain Actinomyces species, in particular A. israelii).
Cutaneous actinomycosis is a chronic disease that affects the deep subcutaneous tissue of the skin. Caused by an anaerobic, Gram-positive, filamentous type of bacteria in the genus Actinomyces, [1]: 270 invasion of the soft tissue leads to the formation of abnormal channels leading to the skin surface (external sinus tracts) that discharge pale yellow sulfur granules.
Humans can also get this skin disease if elementary hygiene measures are not observed after dealing with infected animals. This dermatologic condition is known by many names - cutaneous streptotrichosis (on cattle, goats, and horses), rain scald (on horses), lumpy wool (on sheep), and strawberry foot rot.
Actinomyces bovis is a branching, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Actinomyces. [1] It is the causative agent of lumpy jaw in cattle, and occasionally causes actinomycosis infections in humans. [ 3 ]