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The sacrum (pl.: sacra or sacrums [1]), in human anatomy, is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms by the fusing of the sacral vertebrae (S1–S5) between ages 18 and 30. [ 2 ] The sacrum situates at the upper, back part of the pelvic cavity , between the two wings of the pelvis .
The pelvic skeleton is formed posteriorly (in the area of the back), by the sacrum and the coccyx and laterally and anteriorly (forward and to the sides), by a pair of hip bones. Each hip bone consists of three sections: ilium, ischium, and pubis. During childhood, these sections are separate bones, joined by the triradiate cartilage. During ...
A coccyx with four vertebrae below the sacrum. The coccyx is formed of three, four or five rudimentary vertebrae.It articulates superiorly with the sacrum.In each of the first three segments may be traced a rudimentary body and articular and transverse processes; the last piece (sometimes the third) is a mere nodule of bone.
It stretches from median sacral crest [3] and the free margin of the sacral hiatus [1] to the dorsal surface of the coccyx. [1] The lateral sacrococcygeal ligaments run from the lower lateral angles of the sacrum to the transverse processes of the first coccygeal vertebra to complete the foramina for the last sacral nerve. [1]
Caudal regression syndrome, or sacral agenesis (or hypoplasia of the sacrum), is a rare birth defect. It is a congenital disorder in which the fetal development of the lower spine —the caudal partition of the spine—is abnormal. [ 1 ]
The male pelvis, formed by left and right hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx. The female pelvis is wider than the male pelvis to accommodate childbirth. At about the age of puberty, ossification takes place in each of the remaining portions, and they join with the rest of the bone between the twentieth and twenty-fifth years.
The lesser pelvis is bounded in front and below by the superior rami of the symphysis pubis; above and behind, by the sacrum and coccyx; and laterally, by a broad, smooth, quadrangular area of bone, corresponding to the inner surfaces of the body and superior ramus of the ischium, and the part of the ilium below the arcuate line. [1]
The deep dorsal sacrococcygeal ligament (ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius profundum) is a continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament. [1] A flat band arising inside the sacral canal, posteriorly at the orifice of the fifth sacral segment, it descends to the dorsal surface of the coccyx under its longer fellow described below.