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An image of multiple chromosomes, taken from many cells. Plant genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity specifically in plants. [1] [2] It is generally considered a field of biology and botany, but intersects frequently with many other life sciences and is strongly linked with the study of information systems.
Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. [1] It is used to improve the quality of plant products for use by humans and animals. [2] The goals of plant breeding are to produce crop varieties that boast unique and superior traits for a variety of applications.
Mating design is a schematic cross between the groups or strains of plants are made in a plant breeding that is common in agriculture and biological science. [1] The mating design in plant breeding has two main objectives: (1) to obtain information and understand the genetic control of a trait or behavior that is observed, and (2) to get the base population for the development of plant ...
In the absence of sexual reproduction, the genetic composition of plant material being multiplied remains essentially the same as its source plant. Clones of mother plants can be made with the exact genetic composition of the mother plant. Superior plants are selected and propagated vegetatively; the vegetative propagated offspring are used to ...
Robert Wayne Allard (September 3, 1919 – March 25, 2003) was an American plant breeder and plant population geneticist who is widely regarded as one of the leading plant population geneticists of the 20th century. [1]
Another disadvantage associated with the double haploidy is the cost involved in establishing tissue culture and growth facilities. The over-usage of doubled haploidy may reduce genetic variation in breeding germplasm. Hence one has to take several factors into consideration before deploying doubled haploidy in breeding programmes.
Molecular breeding is the application of molecular biology tools, often in plant breeding [1] [2] and animal breeding. [3] [4] In the broad sense, molecular breeding can be defined as the use of genetic manipulation performed at the level of DNA to improve traits of interest in plants and animals, and it may also include genetic engineering or gene manipulation, molecular marker-assisted ...
Gene pyramiding is the simultaneous selection for and/or introduction of multiple genes during plant breeding. [1] Objectives of gene pyramiding includes 1) enhancing trait performance by combining two or more complementary genes, 2) remedying deficits by introgressing genes from other sources, 3) increasing the durability. [2]