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Developmental psychology examines the influences of nature and nurture on the process of human development, as well as processes of change in context across time. Many researchers are interested in the interactions among personal characteristics, the individual's behavior, and environmental factors , including the social context and the built ...
John Locke. Early theories in child psychology were advocated by three famous theorists: John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau and Charles Darwin.They represent three famous schools of thought, namely the influence of the child’s environment, the role of the child’s cognitive development and the relationship with evolutionary origins of behavior.
Behavior analysis in child development takes a mechanistic, contextual, and pragmatic approach. [6] [7] From its inception, the behavioral model has focused on prediction and control of the developmental process. [8] [9] The model focuses on the analysis of a behavior and then synthesizes the action to support the original behavior. [10]
A child using fingers to make a small, circular hole in the sand, 1997. Child development involves the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the conclusion of adolescence. It is—particularly from birth to five years— a foundation for a prosperous and sustainable society. [1]
Wilhelm T. Preyer, a pioneer of child psychology, was heavily inspired by Darwin's work and approached the mental development of children from an evolutionary perspective. [ 14 ] However, evolutionary theory has had a limited impact on developmental psychology as a whole, [ 5 ] and some authors argue that even its early influence was minimal ...
Piaget proposed four stages to describe the development process of children: sensorimotor stage, pre-operational stage, concrete operational stage, and formal operational stage. [5] Each stage describes a specific age group. In each stage, he described how children develop their cognitive skills.
He called this process maturation, that is, the process by which development is governed by intrinsic factors, principally the genes. [ 6 ] According to Gesell, the rate at which children develop primarily depends on the growth of their nervous system, consisting of the complicated web of nerve fibers, spinal cord, and brain.
Information processing theory is the approach to the study of cognitive development evolved out of the American experimental tradition in psychology. Developmental psychologists who adopt the information processing perspective account for mental development in terms of maturational changes in basic components of a child's mind.