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Claims about "race" being based in science and physiological differences were introduced to China by Europeans. [2]: 59 The idea of East Asian people belonging to a single "yellow race" was invented by European scientists in the 1700s and later introduced to China.
They promoted a view of the non-Han ethnicities as also being Chinese, despite their being a relatively small percentage of the population. [12] The "five ethnic groups under one union" flag was no longer used after the Northern Expedition ended in 1928.
From 1994 to 2008, each year has seen about 3,000 more mixed race marriages in Shanghai than the previous year. [3] This has caused a major shift in China's attitudes to race and to Chinese children of mixed race heritage, because of globalization. [4] [1] [5] [6]
[4] [7] Since the late 1980s, the most fundamental change of the PRC's nationalities and minorities policies is the renaming from Zhongguo renmin (中国人民; 'the Chinese people') to Zhonghua minzu (中华民族; 'the Chinese nation'), signalling a shift away from a multinational communist people's statehood of China to one multi-ethnic ...
The word "race", interpreted to mean an identifiable group of people who share a common descent, was introduced into English in the 16th century from the Old French rasse (1512), from Italian razza: the Oxford English Dictionary cites the earliest example around the mid-16th century and defines its early meaning as a "group of people belonging to the same family and descended from a common ...
Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC), tongzhi was used to mean "comrade" in a communist sense: it was used to address almost everyone, male and female, young and old. In recent years, however, this meaning of the term has fallen out of common usage, except within Chinese Communist Party (CCP) discourse and among ...
Some historical Chinese characters for non-Han peoples were graphically pejorative ethnic slurs, where the racial insult derived not from the Chinese word but from the character used to write it. For instance, written Chinese first transcribed the name Yáo "the Yao people (in southwest China and Vietnam)" with the character for yáo 猺 ...
2010: the Chinese Spiritual Life Survey directed by the Purdue University's Center on Religion and Chinese Society concluded that many types of Chinese folk religions and Taoism are practised by possibly hundreds of millions of people; 56.2% of the total population or 754 million people practised Chinese ancestral religion [note 5], but only 16 ...