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Coordinate conversion is composed of a number of different types of conversion: format change of geographic coordinates, conversion of coordinate systems, or transformation to different geodetic datums. Geographic coordinate conversion has applications in cartography, surveying, navigation and geographic information systems.
Signed binary angle measurement. Black is traditional degrees representation, green is a BAM as a decimal number and red is hexadecimal 32-bit BAM. In this figure the 32-bit binary integers are interpreted as signed binary fixed-point values with scaling factor 2 −31, representing fractions between −1.0 (inclusive) and +1.0 (exclusive).
[18] [19] Today, the degree, 1 / 360 of a turn, or the mathematically more convenient radian, 1 / 2 π of a turn (used in the SI system of units) is generally used instead. In the 1970s – 1990s, most scientific calculators offered the gon (gradian), as well as radians and degrees, for their trigonometric functions . [ 23 ]
Geodetic latitude and geocentric latitude have different definitions. Geodetic latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and the surface normal at a point on the ellipsoid, whereas geocentric latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and a radial line connecting the centre of the ellipsoid to a point on the surface (see figure).
In green, the point with radial coordinate 3 and angular coordinate 60 degrees or (3, 60°). In blue, the point (4, 210°). In mathematics, the polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a reference point and an angle from a reference direction.
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A calculator for any latitude is provided by the U.S. Government's National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). [8] The following graph illustrates the variation of both a degree of latitude and a degree of longitude with latitude. The definition of geodetic latitude (ϕ) and geocentric latitude (θ).
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