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  2. Counterexample - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterexample

    This means that she needs to check the truth of the following two statements: "All shapes that are rectangles are squares." "All shapes that have four sides of equal length are squares". A counterexample to (1) was already given above, and a counterexample to (2) is a non-square rhombus. Thus, the mathematician now knows that each assumption by ...

  3. Similarity (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Similarity_(geometry)

    For example, all circles are similar to each other, all squares are similar to each other, and all equilateral triangles are similar to each other. On the other hand, ellipses are not all similar to each other, rectangles are not all similar to each other, and isosceles triangles are not all similar to each other. This is because two ellipses ...

  4. Special case - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_case

    All squares are rectangles (but not all rectangles are squares); therefore the square is a special case of the rectangle. Fermat's Last Theorem , that a n + b n = c n has no solutions in positive integers with n > 2 , is a special case of Beal's conjecture , that a x + b y = c z has no primitive solutions in positive integers with x , y , and z ...

  5. Van Hiele model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Hiele_model

    They recognize that all squares are rectangles, but not all rectangles are squares, and they understand why squares are a type of rectangle based on an understanding of the properties of each. They can tell whether it is possible or not to have a rectangle that is, for example, also a rhombus.

  6. Syllogism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syllogism

    So in AAI-3, the premise "All squares are rectangles" becomes "MaP"; the symbols mean that the first term ("square") is the middle term, the second term ("rectangle") is the predicate of the conclusion, and the relationship between the two terms is labeled "a" (All M are P). The following table shows all syllogisms that are essentially different.

  7. Dividing a square into similar rectangles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dividing_a_square_into...

    The solution in which the three rectangles are all of different sizes and where they have aspect ratio ρ 2, where ρ is the plastic ratio. The fact that a rectangle of aspect ratio ρ 2 can be used for dissections of a square into similar rectangles is equivalent to an algebraic property of the number ρ 2 related to the Routh–Hurwitz ...

  8. Quadrilateral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrilateral

    Parallelograms include rhombi (including those rectangles called squares) and rhomboids (including those rectangles called oblongs). In other words, parallelograms include all rhombi and all rhomboids, and thus also include all rectangles. Rhombus, rhomb: [1] all four sides are of equal length (equilateral). An equivalent condition is that the ...

  9. Ontological commitment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontological_commitment

    Instead, Quine argues by using examples that although there are tautological statements in a formal theory, like "all squares are rectangles", a formal theory necessarily contains references to objects that are not tautological, but have external connections. That is, there is an ontological commitment to such external objects. In addition, the ...