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A gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder from precipitated bile components. [2] The term cholelithiasis may refer to the presence of gallstones or to any disease caused by gallstones, [5] and choledocholithiasis refers to the presence of migrated gallstones within bile ducts.
Parkinson's typically manifests in individuals over 60, with about one percent affected. In those younger than 50, it is termed "early-onset PD". No cure for Parkinson's is known, and treatment focuses on alleviating symptoms. Initial treatment typically includes L-DOPA, MAO-B inhibitors, or dopamine agonists.
In the management of Parkinson's disease, due to the chronic nature of Parkinson's disease (PD), a broad-based program is needed that includes patient and family education, support-group services, general wellness maintenance, exercise, and nutrition. At present, no cure for the disease is known, but medications or surgery can provide relief ...
The study does support previous research that dairy products increase the risk of Parkinson's disease. So milk, pesticides and brain diseases could still have a common link.
Gallbladder diseases are diseases involving the gallbladder and is closely linked to biliary disease, with the most common cause being gallstones (cholelithiasis). [1] [2]The gallbladder is designed to aid in the digestion of fats by concentrating and storing the bile made in the liver and transferring it through the biliary tract to the digestive system through bile ducts that connect the ...
The most common form is cholesterol gallstones. [5] Other forms include calcium, bilirubin, pigment, and mixed gallstones. [5] Other conditions that produce similar symptoms include appendicitis, stomach ulcers, pancreatitis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. [1] Treatment for gallbladder attacks is typically surgery to remove the ...
When the bile can not be properly propelled from the not-mechanically-obstructed gallbladder or can not flow out of the end of the common bile duct properly, there is a state of biliary dyskinesia. So, biliary dyskinesia is a dynamically (functional...not fixed mechanical [ clarification needed ] ) obstructive, pain-producing disorder.
More serious side effects include depression, low blood pressure with standing, sudden onset of sleepiness, psychosis, and increased risk-taking behavior. [6] [10] Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa outside the brain. [10] In the brain, levodopa is broken down into dopamine, its active form. [10]