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Initiatives and referendums—collectively known as "ballot measures", "propositions", or simply "questions"—differ from most legislation passed by representative democracies; ordinarily, an elected legislative body develops and passes laws. Initiatives and referendums, by contrast, allow citizens to vote directly on legislation.
Semi-direct democracies, in which representatives administer day-to-day governance, but the citizens remain the sovereign, allow for three forms of popular action: referendum (plebiscite), initiative, and recall. The first two forms—referendums and initiatives—are examples of direct legislation. [3] As of 2019, thirty countries allowed for ...
A recall election (also called a recall referendum, recall petition or representative recall) is a procedure by which voters can remove an elected official from office through a referendum before that official's term of office has ended.
These ballot questions, sometimes called referendums or initiatives, are asking voters to change the state’s constitution, and that’s too important of a decision to be left up to people in the ...
Initiative and referendum (I&R) citizen lawmaking spread across the United States because state legislatures were unresponsive in creating laws that the people needed to protect themselves from lobby groups, laissez-faire economics, and the era's robber barons. Additionally, while legislatures were quick to pass laws benefitting special ...
"The three referendums circumvented the citizen initiatives that we were trying to get on the ballot,” Smith said. The Parents Matter Coal (The Center Square) – After the passage of all three ...
Popular initiative or Initiative referendum: A citizen-led process to propose and vote on new laws. Popular referendum: A citizen-led process to oppose and strike down existing laws. Recall referendum: A procedure to remove elected officials before the end of their term of office. Depending on the area and position, a recall may be for a ...
This year, five amendment questions will be brought to a referendum in total — the most in a single year since 1982, when 10 amendments were ratified. Democrats on Tuesday night celebrated the ...