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Curriculum development is a planned, progressive, purposeful and systematic process in order to make positive improvements in the curriculum and education system. Various approaches have been used in developing curricula.
Instructional design (ID), also known as instructional systems design and originally known as instructional systems development (ISD), is the practice of systematically designing, developing and delivering instructional materials and experiences, both digital and physical, in a consistent and reliable fashion toward an efficient, effective, appealing, engaging and inspiring acquisition of ...
Ralph W. Tyler introduced the idea of "backward design" (without using this particular term) in 1949 when referring to a statement of objectives.A statement of objectives is used to indicate the kinds of changes in the student to be brought about so that instructional activities can be planned and developed in a way likely to attain these objectives.
First proposed in the 1970s, [2] AIM was designed to maximize the efficiency of the curriculum development process through the use of computer-based automation tools. [3] Currently, over 300,000 hours of the Navy's instructional materials exist using the AIM system. [2]
In backward design, the teacher starts with classroom outcomes and then plans the curriculum, choosing activities and materials that help determine student ability and foster student learning. [4] The backward design approach has three stages. Stage 1 is identification of desired results for students.
Florida State University initially developed the ADDIE framework in 1975 [3] to explain, “...the processes involved in the formulation of an instructional systems development (ISD) program for military interservice training that will adequately train individuals to do a particular job and which can also be applied to any interservice curriculum development activity.” [4] The model ...
Curriculum theory (CT) is an academic discipline devoted to examining and shaping educational curricula.There are many interpretations of CT, being as narrow as the dynamics of the learning process of one child in a classroom to the lifelong learning path an individual takes.
The development of constructivist models of teaching are specifically attributed to the works of Maria Montessori, which were further developed by more recent by theorists such as David A. Kolb, and Ronald Fry, among others. [4] These theorists have proposed sensory and activity-based learning methods.