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Balantidiasis is a zoonotic disease and is acquired by humans via the fecal-oral route from the normal host, the pig, where it is asymptomatic. Fecally contaminated food and water are the common sources of infection in humans.
Balantidium is the only ciliated protozoan known to infect humans. Balantidiasis is a zoonotic disease and is acquired by humans via the feco-oral route from the normal host, the domestic pig, where it is asymptomatic.
The Balantidium coli species has a worldwide distribution, but is more frequent in subtropical and temperate climates. The medical condition balantidiasis is particularly prevalent where poor hygiene and undernourishment weaken a population coincide with living in close contact with pigs, the main reservoir for the species.
A separate genus – Neobalantidium – has been created for several of these species. [5] Balantidium coli is one of the species that has been reclassified. It has also been proposed that it is a junior synonym of genus Balantioides–which has B. coli as the type species.
Balantidiasis is the only ciliate known to be capable of infecting humans, and swine are the primary reservoir host. [27] Balantidiasis is opportunistic and rare in Western countries. [ 28 ] Apicomplexans are parasites of animals and contain an arrangement of organelles called the apical complex.
Scabies (also sometimes known as the seven-year itch) is a contagious human skin infestation by the tiny (0.2–0.45 mm) mite Sarcoptes scabiei, variety hominis. The word is from Latin: scabere, lit. 'to scratch'. The most common symptoms are severe itchiness and a pimple -like rash. Occasionally, tiny burrows may appear on the skin. In a first-ever infection, the infected person usually ...
As of 2008, 17 [4] or 18 [5] African countries had confirmed resistant parasite populations, and as of 2011 that was up to 21. [5] Multiply resistant populations are an increasing problem in the Adamawa Region of Cameroon [6] and south east Mali. [7]
The most effective way to prevent the spread of C. parvum is to avoid contact with contaminated feces. Avoiding this contact, especially with young children, is important, as they are more likely to come into oral contact and have the parasite transferred into the body. Hygiene is the most effective way to combat this difficult-to-prevent ...