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A tablet press in operation An old rotary tablet press. A tablet press is a mechanical device that compresses powder into tablets of uniform size and weight. A tablet press can be used to manufacture tablets of a wide variety of materials, including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cleaning products, industrial pellets and cosmetics.
The compression is done either by a single-punch machine (also called stamping press, achieves an output of approximately 200 tablets per minute, making it ideal for manufacturing small batches of tablets) or by a multi-station machine (rotary press). The tablet press is a high-speed mechanical device.
The documentation of activities by pharmaceutical manufacturers is a license-to-operate endeavor, supporting both the quality of the product produced and satisfaction of regulators who oversee manufacturing operations and determine whether a manufacturing process may continue or must be terminated and remediated.
Tablet formulations are designed and tested using a laboratory machine called a Tablet Compaction Simulator or Powder Compaction Simulator. This is a computer controlled device that can measure the punch positions, punch pressures, friction forces, die wall pressures, and sometimes the tablet internal temperature during the compaction event.
By defining the compression cycle as isentropic, an ideal efficiency for the process can be attained, and the ideal compressor performance can be compared to the actual performance of the machine. Isotropic Compression as used in ASME PTC 10 Code refers to a reversible, adiabatic compression process [28] Isentropic efficiency of Compressors:
The upper and lower punches compress the tablet in two steps as they travel across heavy compression rolls. The tablet is then ejected from the cavity and the process repeats. At full speed, a typical press can make over 250,000 tablets per hour. Reason Animation shows the complex, multi-step process of tablet pressing in a convenient view.
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For compression testing, the analyst generally aligns the tablet in a repeatable way, [2] and the tablet is squeezed between a fixed and a moving jaw. The first machines continually applied force with a spring and screw thread until the tablet started to break. [3] When the tablet fractured, the hardness was read with a sliding scale. [3]