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vw ∈ L ⇔ wv ∈ L, where w n denotes the n -fold repetition of the string w , and vw denotes the concatenation of the strings v and w . [ 1 ] : Def.1
Turbo codes, as described first in 1993, implemented a parallel concatenation of two convolutional codes, with an interleaver between the two codes and an iterative decoder that passes information forth and back between the codes. [6] This design has a better performance than any previously conceived concatenated codes.
A spreadsheet's concatenate ("&") function is used to assemble a complex text string—in this example, XML code for an SVG "circle" element. In formal language theory and computer programming, string concatenation is the operation of joining character strings end-to-end. For example, the concatenation of "snow" and "ball" is "snowball".
Volkswagen Group PL/PQ platforms platform code used for notable examples PQ12 (NSF) ultra-compact city cars: Volkswagen Up, SEAT Mii, Škoda Citigo PQ24 [2] supermini cars: Volkswagen Polo (9N), Volkswagen Gol MK5 - Third Gen.(2008–present, PQ24/25 hybrid) [3] SEAT Ibiza (6L), SEAT Córdoba (6L), Škoda Fabia (6Y), Škoda Fabia (5J), Škoda ...
In computer science, a Van Wijngaarden grammar (also vW-grammar or W-grammar [1]) is a formalism for defining formal languages. The name derives from the formalism invented by Adriaan van Wijngaarden [ 2 ] for the purpose of defining the ALGOL 68 programming language .
The natural code rate of the configuration shown is 1/4, however, the inner and/or outer codes may be punctured to achieve higher code rates as needed. For example, an overall code rate of 1/2 may be achieved by puncturing the outer convolutional code to rate 3/4 and the inner convolutional code to rate 2/3.
The concatenation of two string and is denoted by , or shorter by . Concatenating with the empty string makes no difference: s ⋅ ε = s = ε ⋅ s {\displaystyle s\cdot \varepsilon =s=\varepsilon \cdot s} .
parts code prefix: 038, 064 (Volkswagen Marine) engine configuration & engine displacement ... VW EA 897 is a diesel engine series of Volkswagen AG, which was ...