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During the late 18th century Richard Champion, a Bristol merchant and potter, making Bristol porcelain, was working with a chemist, William Cookworthy. [1] Cookworthy began a search for good quality cobalt oxide to give the blue glaze decoration on the white porcelain and obtained exclusive import rights to all the cobalt oxide from the Royal Saxon Cobalt Works in Saxony. [2]
Cobalt aluminate, also known as "cobalt blue", [8] can be used in a similar way. Cobalt glass such as Bristol blue glass is appreciated for its attractive colour and is popular with collectors. It is used in the distinctive blue bottles of Harvey's Bristol Cream sherry and Tŷ Nant mineral water. Ming dish, with smalt blue decoration
During this time, a Cobalt color called Stiegel Blue was also produced. Alexandrite is the rarest of Heisey colors; it can be a pale blue-green under normal light, but in sunlight or ultraviolet light, it glows with a pink-lavender hue. Zircon is a very modern grey-blue and was the last new color introduced.
Small concentrations of cobalt (0.025 to 0.1%) yield blue glass. The best results are achieved when using glass containing potash. Very small amounts can be used for decolorizing. 2 to 3% of copper oxide produces a turquoise color. Nickel, depending on the concentration, produces blue, or violet, or even black glass.
Additional ingredients may be added to color the glass. For example, an oxide of cobalt is used to make glass blue. [18] The batch is placed inside a pot or tank that is heated by a furnace. A 2004 description of the Blenko melting process said the batch is heated to about 2600 °F (1427 °C), and cooked for about 24 hours.
In 2003, Bawls sourced its cobalt-blue bottles from Germany, and the bottle caps from Ecuador. They came together in Hillside, New Jersey where Bawls was bottled with guarana from Brazil. [ 11 ] Circa 2005, Buppert described the drink's brand identity as based on the unique bottles, where the raised bumps "convey the idea of 'bouncing balls ...