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Roman Britain was the territory that became the Roman province of Britannia after the Roman conquest of Britain, consisting of a large part of the island of Great Britain. The occupation lasted from AD 43 to AD 410. [1] [2] Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 and 54 BC as part of his Gallic Wars. [3]
A map of Roman roads in Roman Britain. Roman roads in Britannia were initially designed for military use, created by the Roman army during the nearly four centuries (AD 43–410) that Britannia was a province of the Roman Empire.
Map of Britannia Superior in 260 AD Major cities of Britannia Superior in the 2nd century Britannia Superior within the Roman Empire. Britannia Superior (Latin for "Upper Britain") was a province of Roman Britain created after the civil war between Septimius Severus and Clodius Albinus.
At least 26 of the current 63 cities in England and Wales were fortified civitates during the Roman era, the most famous being Camulodunum, modern day Colchester, the first capital of the Roman province of Britannia, and Londinium, modern day London, the later capital of the province and current capital of both England and the United Kingdom today.
Southern British tribes before the Roman invasion. In common with other regions on the edge of the empire, Britain had enjoyed diplomatic and trading links with the Romans in the century since Julius Caesar's expeditions in 55 and 54 BC, and Roman economic and cultural influence was a significant part of the British late pre-Roman Iron Age, especially in the south.
Map of Britannia Inferior in 260 AD Britannia Inferior locator. Britannia Inferior (Latin for "Lower Britain") was a new province carved out of Roman Britain probably around AD 197 during the reforms of Septimius Severus although the division may have occurred later, between 211 and 220, under Caracalla. [1]
The image of Britannia (/ b r ɪ ˈ t æ n i ə /) is the national personification of Britain as a helmeted female warrior holding a trident and shield. [1] An image first used by the Romans in classical antiquity, the Latin Britannia was the name variously applied to the British Isles, Great Britain, and the Roman province of Britain during ...
Roman Britain. Map from 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. A partial list of Roman place names in Great Britain. [1]This list includes only names documented from Roman times. For a more complete list including later Latin names, see List of Latin place names in Brit