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Clark's rule is a medical term referring to a mathematical formula used to calculate the proper dosage of medicine for children aged 2–17 based on the weight of the patient and the appropriate adult dose. [1] The formula was named after Cecil Belfield Clarke (1894–1970), a Barbadian physician who practiced throughout the UK, the West Indies ...
Calculating drug doses for treatment for more serious diseases like cancer is commonly done through measuring the patient's body surface area. There are approximately 25 different formulae for measuring a patient's body surface area, none of them exact. [ 9 ]
Dosage forms (also called unit doses) are pharmaceutical drug products presented in a specific form for use. They contain a mixture of active ingredients and inactive components ( excipients ), configured in a particular way (such as a capsule shell) and apportioned into a specific dose .
In pharmacokinetics, a loading dose is an initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of a course of treatment before dropping down to a lower maintenance dose. [ 1 ] A loading dose is most useful for drugs that are eliminated from the body relatively slowly, i.e. have a long systemic half-life .
The drug (active substance) itself needs to be soluble in aqueous solution at a controlled rate. Such factors as particle size and crystal form can significantly affect dissolution. Fast dissolution is not always ideal. For example, slow dissolution rates can prolong the duration of action or avoid initial high plasma levels.
An example for a simple case (mono-compartmental) would be to administer D=8 mg/kg to a human. A human has a blood volume of around V b l o o d = {\displaystyle V_{blood}=} 0.08 L/kg . [ 7 ] This gives a C 0 = {\displaystyle C_{0}=} 100 μg/mL if the drug stays in the blood stream only, and thus its volume of distribution is the same as V b l o ...
Top Prescription Weight Loss Pills. Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) date back to the 1940s — well before modern regulations from the FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) (FDA) were in place ...
In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. [1] Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. Routes can also be classified based ...