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Megaloblastic anemia is a type of macrocytic anemia. An anemia is a red blood cell defect that can lead to an undersupply of oxygen. [1] Megaloblastic anemia results from inhibition of DNA synthesis during red blood cell production. [2] When DNA synthesis is impaired, the cell cycle cannot progress from the G2 growth stage to the mitosis (M ...
[1] [2] It is the main and most common cause of vitamin B 12 deficiency anemia in developed countries, [2] and is characterized by a triad of symptoms: Anemia with bone marrow promegaloblastosis (megaloblastic anemia). This is due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis (specifically purines and thymidine).
Macrocytic anemias have several causes but with the implementation of folic acid fortification in North America, folate deficiency has become a rare cause of megaloblastic macrocytic anemia in that part of the world. [1] In this region, Vitamin B 12 deficiency is a far more common cause of megaloblastic macrocytic anemia. [1]
Main symptoms that may appear in anemia [20] The hand of a person with severe anemia (on the left, with ring) compared to one without (on the right). A person with anemia may not have any symptoms, depending on the underlying cause, and no symptoms may be noticed, as the anemia is initially mild, and then the symptoms become worse as the anemia worsens.
Signs of folate deficiency anemia most of the time are subtle. [4] Anemia (macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia) can be a sign of advanced folate deficiency in adults. [1] Folate deficiency anemia may result in feeling tired, weakness, changes to the color of the skin or hair, open sores on the mouth, shortness of breath, palpitations, lightheadedness, cold hands and feet, headaches, easy bleeding ...
That includes folks with an autoimmune disorder called pernicious anemia, who are unable to absorb B12, and people who take a lot of over-the-counter stomach-acid reducers, like famotidine ...
Signs and symptoms [ edit ] Patients typically present with excessive orotic acid in the urine, failure to thrive, developmental delay, and megaloblastic anemia which cannot be cured by administration of vitamin B12 or folic acid .
Defined as those seen in any macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia: [1] Anemia: causing fatigue, conjuctival pallor, pale complexion, and in some cases, a mild icterus (yellowing of the eye). Glossitis ("shiny tongue"): shiny, glossy tongue. Cheilosis (stomatitis): Inflammation of the edges of the lips and the oral mucosa.