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Cellulose nitrate (c. 1889 – c. 1950) is the first of film supports.It can be found as roll film, motion picture film, and sheet film. It is difficult to determine the dates when all nitrate film was discontinued, however, Eastman Kodak last manufactured nitrate film in 1951. [1]
Sheet film was discontinued May 17. [52] 135 and 120 formats were discontinued in April 2018. 120 format was sold out by June 2018, while 135 format remained on sale until Jan-May 2019 (Varies by market). As Fujifilm's final Black and white process film – Fujifilm black and white papers were discontinued in Japan at the same time. [53] [54] Japan
The UCLA Film and Television Archive, under the supervision of Robert Gitt and Richard Dayton, restored the film from the 35mm, nitrate film original camera negative in 1985. As the final two reels were missing, Gitt and Dayton used "an original two-color Technicolor camera" to shoot a sunset on a California beach, "much as the film's original ...
Movies of the first half of the 20th century were filmed on an unstable, highly flammable cellulose nitrate film base, which required careful storage to slow its inevitable process of decomposition over time. [5] Most films made on nitrate stock were not preserved; over the years, their negatives and prints crumbled into powder or dust. [10]
By 1911, the major American film studios had reverted to nitrate stock. [12] "Safety film" was relegated to sub-35 mm formats such as 16 mm and 8 mm until improvements were made in the late 1940s. Nitrate film is also chemically unstable and over time can decay into a sticky mass or a powder akin to gunpowder. This process can be very ...
Considered a lost film for many years. The Berlin Bundesarchiv held only a few clips of the film. However, a complete nitrate copy of the film surfaced on an Internet auction in 2005. The Norwegian college professor and media expert Jostein Saakvitne discovered this and purchased the copy. [254] Swiss Family Robinson: Edward Ludwig: Thomas ...
Cellulose triacetate superseded nitrate as the film industry's mainstay base very quickly. While Kodak had discontinued some nitrate film stocks earlier, it stopped producing various nitrate roll films in 1950 and ceased production of nitrate 35 mm motion picture film in 1951. [49]
Nitrate film stock was used in every major film production before about 1951. Many silent films only survived because they were printed to 16 mm film , which did not use a nitrate base. A report published by the United States Library of Congress in September 2013 states that 70 percent of all American silent feature films are lost.