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A constitutional plebiscite held in the Philippines on 14 May 1935 ratified the 1935 Philippine Constitution which established the Philippine Commonwealth. [1] The constitution had been written in 1934 by the Constitutional Convention of 1934.
The 1935 Constitution was written, approved and adopted in 1934 by the Commonwealth of the Philippines (1935–1946) and later used by the Third Republic (1946–1972). It was written to meet requirements set forth in the Tydings–McDuffie Act to prepare the country for its independence.
Under the act, the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines was written and the Commonwealth of the Philippines was established, with the first directly elected President of the Philippines. (Direct elections to the Philippine Legislature had been held since 1907.) It also established limitations on Filipino immigration to the United States.
On February 8, 1935, the 1935 Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines was approved by the convention by a vote of 177 to 1. The constitution was approved by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 25, 1935, and ratified by popular vote on May 14, 1935. [27] [28] On September 16, 1935, [10] presidential elections were held.
1935 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in 1935 ... February 8 – The Constitutional Convention creates a new constitution.
The 1935 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on September 16, 1935. This was the first election since the enactment of the Tydings–McDuffie Act , a law that paved the way for a transitory government , as well as the first nationwide at-large election ever held in the Philippines.
President Quezon had been elected to a six-year term as the second President of the Philippines and the first President of the Philippine Commonwealth, taking office on November 15, 1935. [16] In 1940, The 1935 Constitution was amended by the National Assembly to change the legislature from a unicameral assembly to a bicameral congress and to ...
The convention finalized the new constitution in November 1972. [73] It called for a semi-presidential government was approved in 1973 [33] through shows of hands in citizen assemblies, [26]: 125 a process that did not meet the requirements of the 1935 constitution for constitutional change.