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The Narmer Palette, also known as the Great Hierakonpolis Palette or the Palette of Narmer, is a significant Egyptian archaeological find, dating from about the 31st century BC, belonging, at least nominally, to the category of cosmetic palettes. It contains some of the earliest hieroglyphic inscriptions ever found.
The famous Narmer Palette, discovered by James E. Quibell in the 1897–1898 season at Hierakonpolis, [36] shows Narmer wearing the crown of Upper Egypt on one side of the palette, and the crown of Lower Egypt on the other side, giving rise to the theory that Narmer unified the two lands. [37]
Narmer Palette "Turtle palette (no. 1)"-(Louvre) (See zoomorphic palette) Turtle Palette no. 2 [9] List of ancient Egyptian Predynastic palettes. Name Dimensions
The following is a list of the world's oldest surviving physical documents. Each entry is the most ancient of each language or civilization. For example, the Narmer Palette may be the most ancient from Egypt, but there are many other surviving written documents from Egypt later than the Narmer Palette but still more ancient than the Missal of Silos.
Although the Narmer Palette is more famous because it shows the first king to wear both the crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt, the Scorpion Macehead indicates some early military hostility with the north by showing dead lapwings, the symbol of Lower Egypt, hung from standards. [13] John Garstang excavated at Nekhen in 1905–06.
Narmer Palette with central depression for mixing cosmetics. (3200–3000 BC) Oxford Palette from Hierakonpolis. Ashmolean Museum. The serpopard (also known as monstrous lion) is a mythical animal known from ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian art. The word "serpopard" is a modern coinage.
Information about this dynasty is derived from a few monuments and other objects bearing royal names, the most important being the Narmer Palette and Narmer Macehead, as well as Den and Qa'a king lists. [5] [6] [7] No detailed records of the first two dynasties have survived, except for the terse lists on the Palermo Stone.
Indeed, Narmer's fame rests on being the Upper Egyptian pharaoh to defeat the last Lower Egyptian pharaoh. However, rather than recording this historical event the palette may simply depict an allegory for Narmer's excellence and right of command, with the figure of Wash having been recruited to the task. [8]