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Optimism and hope are vital to the development of PMA. [ 4 ] Positive mental attitude (PMA) is the philosophy of finding greater joy in small joys, to live without hesitation or holding back our most cherished, held in high esteem, and highest personal virtues and values.
Along this line, it is important to examine the role of helping behaviors, team-building exercises, job resources, job security, and work support. The emerging field of positive psychology also helps to creatively manage organizational behaviors and to increase productivity in the workplace through applying positive organizational forces. [ 5 ]
Pleasant life: research into the pleasant life, or the "life of enjoyment", examines how people optimally experience, forecast, and savor the positive feelings and emotions that are part of normal and healthy living (e.g. relationships, hobbies, interests, entertainment, etc.). Seligman says this most transient element of happiness may be the ...
AP By Shana Lebowitz Every organization, from Apple and Google to the US government, demands different skills and personal qualities in its leadership. But research suggests there are two traits ...
That is why the success of many projects, and the organization itself, depends on the success of "handlers," the people (usually managers) whose interventions either assuage individuals' pain from toxicity or eliminate it completely. "[23] "One can conclude that the ability to effectively deal with emotions and emotional information in the ...
A propensity to unrealistic optimism and over-exaggerated self-evaluations can be useful. These positive illusions are especially important when an individual receives threatening negative feedback, as the illusions allow for adaptation in these circumstances to protect psychological well-being and self-confidence (Taylor & Brown, 1988).
The resulting optimism—one that grew from pessimism—is a learned optimism. The optimist's outlook on failure can thus be summarized as "What happened was an unlucky situation (not personal), and really just a setback (not permanent) for this one, of many, goals (not pervasive)".
Some have argued that optimism is the opposite end of a single dimension with pessimism, [14] [page needed] with any distinction between them reflecting factors such as social desirability. Confirmatory modelling , however, supports a two-dimensional model [ 15 ] and the two dimensions predict different outcomes [ clarification needed ] . [ 16 ]