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Copper azole treated wood is marketed widely under the Preserve CA and Wolmanized brands in North America, and the Tanalith brand across Europe and other international markets. The AWPA standard retention for CA-B is 0.10 lb/cu ft (1.6 kg/m 3) for above ground applications and 0.21 lb/cu ft (3.4 kg/m 3) for ground contact applications. Type C ...
This preservative is also used for remedial treatments to in-service poles including internal/external surfaces at ground or below ground level via brush/trowel, mechanical injection, or bandage wrap. Wood treated with copper naphthenate is specified for exterior above ground, ground contact, below ground and fresh water contact use applications.
Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) is a wood preservative containing compounds of chromium, copper, and arsenic, in various proportions. It is used to impregnate timber and other wood products, especially those intended for outdoor use, in order to protect them from attack by microbes and insects. Like other copper-based wood preservatives, it ...
The decking is selangan batu, a Malaysian timber. In architecture, a deck is a flat surface capable of supporting weight, similar to a floor, but typically constructed outdoors, often elevated from the ground, and usually connected to a building. The term is a generalization from the deck of a ship. A level architectural deck may be intended ...
This process is similar to the Les Bois Perdure treatment in that it uses a steam environment at atmospheric pressure to treat the wood. However, this process can also be used on "green" wood and was the most widely used commercial process as of 2004. [5] [10] Genuine industrial scale ThermoWood process was developed in Finland in 1990's.
Poles, from which these buildings get their name, are natural shaped or round wooden timbers 4 to 12 inches (100 to 300 mm) in diameter. [4] The structural frame of a pole building is made of tree trunks, utility poles, engineered lumber or chemically pressure-treated squared timbers which may be buried in the ground or anchored to a concrete slab.
Lumber is the most common and widely used method of sawing logs. Plain sawn lumber is produced by making the first cut on a tangent to the circumference of the log. Each additional cut is then made parallel to the one before. This method produces the widest possible boards with the least amount of log waste.
Timber sills can span gaps in a foundation. A sill plate or sole plate in construction and architecture is the bottom horizontal member of a wall or building to which vertical members are attached. The word "plate" is typically omitted in America and carpenters speak simply of the "sill". Other names are rat sill, ground plate, ground sill ...