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Examples of swarm intelligence in natural systems include ant colonies, bee colonies, bird flocking, hawks hunting, animal herding, bacterial growth, fish schooling and microbial intelligence. The application of swarm principles to robots is called swarm robotics while swarm intelligence refers to the more general set of algorithms.
Unanimous AI is an American technology company provides artificial swarm intelligence (ASI) technology. [1] [2] [3] Unanimous AI provides a "human swarming" platform "swarm.ai" (formally called UNU) that allows distributed groups of users to collectively predict answers to questions.
ABC belongs to the group of swarm intelligence algorithms and was proposed by Karaboga in 2005. A set of honey bees, called swarm, can successfully accomplish tasks through social cooperation. In the ABC algorithm, there are three types of bees: employed bees, onlooker bees, and scout bees.
Swarm Intelligence : From Natural to Artificial Systems with Eric Bonabeau and Guy Theraulaz, Oxford University Press, 1999 (ISBN 0-19-513159-2). Robot Shaping with Marco Colombetti, MIT Press, 1998 (ISBN 0-262-04164-2). Ant algorithms for discrete optimization with Gianni Di Caro and Luca Maria Gambardella, Artificial Life, Vol. 5, N. 2, 1999.
The design of swarm robotics systems is guided by swarm intelligence principles, which promote fault tolerance, scalability, and flexibility. [1] Unlike distributed robotic systems in general, swarm robotics emphasizes a large number of robots. While various formulations of swarm intelligence principles exist, one widely recognized set includes:
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) A swarm intelligence method. Intelligent water drops (IWD) A swarm-based optimization algorithm based on natural water drops flowing in rivers Gravitational search algorithm (GSA) A swarm intelligence method. Ant colony clustering method (ACCM) A method that make use of clustering approach, extending the ACO.
Rosenberg developed artificial swarm intelligence, which is intended to amplify the collective intelligence of networked human groups (2014–2023), [2] [3] [4] He developed the haptic computer mouse and haptic GUI (1993–1999) [5] [6] and did work to develop augmented reality at the Air Force Research Laboratory (1991–1994).
Gerardo Beni (born Florence, Italy 21 February 1946) is a professor of electrical engineering at University of California, Riverside who, with Jing Wang, is known as the originator of the term swarm intelligence [1] [2] in the context of cellular robotics and the concept of electrowetting, [3] with Susan Hackwood.