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This condition may follow certain diseases such as syphilis, or can result from fever, trauma, systemic upsets or adverse reaction to drugs. Onychorrhexis also known as brittle nails, is brittleness with breakage of fingernails or toenails. Paronychia is a bacterial or fungal infection where the nail and skin meet.
Onychorrhexis (from the Greek words ὄνυχο- ónycho-, "nail" and ῥῆξις rhexis, "bursting"), is a brittleness with breakage of finger or toenails that may result from hypothyroidism, anemia, anorexia nervosa or bulimia, or after oral retinoid therapy. [1]: 786 It can also be seen in melanoma that involves the nail and onychomycosis. [2]
After topical antibiotic treatment, the discolored nail section is receding. Oral antibiotics are rarely necessary, helpful [4] or recommended by all practitioners. [3] Moderate cases of green nail syndrome may be prescribed topical antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, bacitracin and polymyxin B). [16]
The following is a list of antibiotics. The highest division between antibiotics is bactericidal and bacteriostatic. Bactericidals kill bacteria directly, whereas bacteriostatics prevent them from dividing. However, these classifications are based on laboratory behavior.
The 2023 updated Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. label for their product discloses three different antibiotics: bacitracin zinc 400 units, neomycin sulfate 3.5 mg, and polymyxin B sulfate 5,000 units, in a relatively low-molecular-weight base of petroleum jelly, cottonseed oil, olive oil, and cocoa butter, and with sodium pyruvate and ...
Efinaconazole, sold under the brand name Jublia among others, is a triazole antifungal medication. It is approved for use in the United States, Canada, and Japan as a 10% topical solution for the treatment of onychomycosis (fungal infection of the nail). [3] [4] Efinaconazole acts as a 14α-demethylase inhibitor. [5] [2]
Other potential treatments that could be helpful are urea pastes with a 40% or greater concentration, electric drills, and nail avulsion. In complex situations or those with recurrences, chemical or surgical matricectomy may be used as a last resort to accomplish permanent ablation of the affected nail plate.
A bacterial infection, treatable with antibiotics. One study compared patients with ingrown toenails to healthy controls and found no difference in the shape of toenails between those of patients and of the control group. The study suggested that treatment should not be based on the correction of a non-existent nail deformity.