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  2. Maternal physiological changes in pregnancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal_physiological...

    The step lengthens as the pregnancy progresses, due to weight gain and changes in posture. On average, a woman's foot can grow by a half size or more during pregnancy. In addition, the increased body weight of pregnancy, fluid retention, and weight gain lowers the arches of the foot, further adding to the foot's length and width.

  3. Hyperemesis gravidarum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperemesis_gravidarum

    She died in 1855 while four months pregnant, having been affected by intractable nausea and vomiting throughout her pregnancy, and was unable to tolerate food or even water. [50] Catherine, Princess of Wales was hospitalised due to hyperemesis gravidarum during her first pregnancy, and was treated for the same condition during the subsequent two.

  4. Fetal distress - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_distress

    Fetal distress, also known as non-reassuring fetal status, is a condition during pregnancy or labor in which the fetus shows signs of inadequate oxygenation. [1] Due to its imprecision, the term "fetal distress" has fallen out of use in American obstetrics. [2] [1] [3] The term "non-reassuring fetal status" has largely replaced it. [4]

  5. Diabetes and pregnancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_and_pregnancy

    Pre-gestational diabetes can be classified as Type 1 or Type 2 depending on the physiological mechanism. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder leading to destruction of insulin-producing cell in the pancreas; type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity and results from a combination of insulin resistance and insufficient insulin production.

  6. Human placental lactogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_placental_lactogen

    It modifies the metabolic state of the mother during pregnancy to facilitate energy supply to the fetus. hPL has anti-insulin properties. hPL is a hormone secreted by the syncytiotrophoblast during pregnancy. Like human growth hormone, hPL is encoded by genes on chromosome 17q22-24. It was identified in 1963. [2]

  7. Metabolic imprinting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_imprinting

    Metabolic imprinting refers to the long-term physiological and metabolic effects that an offspring's prenatal and postnatal environments have on them. [1] Perinatal nutrition has been identified as a significant factor in determining an offspring's likelihood of it being predisposed to developing cardiovascular disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes amongst other conditions.

  8. 10 Common Pregnancy Conditions and How to Help Protect ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/10-preventable-diseases-turn-deadly...

    These common diseases can be fatal for unborn babies if you contract them during pregnancy. But take a deep breath: The odds are definitely in your favor as long as you take the right precautions.

  9. Prenatal nutrition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_nutrition

    Physiological and metabolic processes in the body undergo long-term changes as a result of restricted growth. [5] When the living environment switches from the condition of malnutrition to a society of abundant supply of nutrients, this exposes the baby to a bountiful environment that goes against what its body is designed for and this places ...