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The enzyme P450c21, commonly referred to as 21-hydroxylase (21-OH), is embedded in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the cells of the adrenal cortex. It catalyzes hydroxylation of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) to 11-deoxycortisol in the glucocorticoid pathway, which starts from pregnenolone and finishes with cortisol.
Steroid 21-hydroxylase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP21A2 gene. The protein is an enzyme that hydroxylates steroids at the C21 position on the molecule. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Naming conventions for enzymes are based on the substrate acted upon and the chemical process performed.
Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex is caused by an immune reaction against the enzyme 21-hydroxylase (a phenomenon first described in 1992). [20] This may be isolated or in the context of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS type 1 or 2), in which other hormone-producing organs, such as the thyroid and pancreas, may also be affected ...
Pages in category "21-Hydroxylase inhibitors" The following 17 pages are in this category, out of 17 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A.
Tenascin-X (TNX) protein was discovered during studies of human steroidogenesis and its disorders, particularly in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency, rather than during studies of connective tissue disorders. [32] Researchers sequenced a 2.7 kb cDNA clone that showed similarities to tenascin, leading to the identification of the XB gene. [33]
18-Hydroxylase (aldosterone synthase) – mineralocorticoid synthesis 21-Hydroxylase – corticosteroid synthesis Cytochrome P450 ( CYP1 , 2 , 3 ) – estrogen metabolism
Macy's has named 66 of the 150 stores that it's planning to close as part of its revitalization plan.. The retailer announced back in February 2024 plans to shut down 150 "underproductive" Macy's ...
The CYP21 gene is associated with developing congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (CAH), [33] [34] [35] a genetic disorder that affects the adrenal glands and causes cortisol deficiencies and excessive androgen biosynthesis (that may lead to virilization of female infants) and in severe cases also aldosterone ...