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When the cross-sectional area of a wire is doubled, the AWG will decrease by 3. (E.g. two 14 AWG wires have about the same cross-sectional area as a single 11 AWG wire.) This doubles the conductance. When the diameter of a solid round wire is doubled, the AWG will decrease by 6. (E.g. 1 mm diameter wire is ≈18 AWG, 2 mm diameter wire is ≈12 ...
Comparison of SWG (red), AWG (blue) and IEC 60228 (black) wire gauge sizes from 0.03 to 200 mm² to scale on a 1 mm grid – in the SVG file, hover over a size to highlight it. In engineering applications, it is often most convenient to describe a wire in terms of its cross-section area, rather than its diameter, because the cross section is directly proportional to its strength and weight ...
PVC-sheathed MICC cable. Conductor cross section area is 1.5 mm 2; overall diameter is 7.2 mm. Mineral-insulated cables at a panel board. Mineral-insulated copper-clad cable is a variety of electrical cable made from copper conductors inside a copper sheath, insulated by inorganic magnesium oxide powder.
No. 7/0, the largest size, is 0.50 in. (500 thou or 12.7 mm) dia., No. 1 is 0.30 in. ( 300 thou ), and the smallest, No. 50, is 0.001 in. ( 1 thou or 25.4 µm ). The system as a whole approximates an exponential curve , plotting diameter against gauge-number (each size is a approximately a constant multiple of the previous size).
This composite wire is then drawn until the silver wire has a diameter of about 0.002 inches (0.051 mm, 44 AWG), causing the embedded platinum wire to be reduced by the same 50:1 ratio to a final diameter of 0.00006 inches (1.5 μm, 74 AWG). Removal of the silver coating with an acid bath leaves the fine platinum wire as a product of the process.
The gauge numbers in SWG (standard wire gauge) and AWG (American wire gauge) reduce as the wire gets larger. Sizing in square millimeters is common outside of the US. Suppliers and manufacturers often specify their cable in strand count. A 189 strand count wire has a cross-sectional area of 1.5 mm 2 which equates to 126.7 strands per mm 2. [5]
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