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Acts 12 is the twelfth chapter of the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records the death of the first apostle, James, son of Zebedee , followed by the miraculous escape of Peter from prison , the death of Herod Agrippa I , and the early ministry of Barnabas and Paul of Tarsus .
The Acts of Peter and the Twelve [1] [2] or the Acts of Peter and the Twelve Apostles [3] [4] is a Christian text from about the 4th century. [5] It is the first treatise in Codex VI of the Nag Hammadi library texts, [6] [7] taking up pages 1–12 of the codex's 78 pages. [6]
The liberation of the apostle Peter is an event described in chapter 12 of the Acts of the Apostles, in which the apostle Peter is rescued from prison by an angel.Although described in a short textual passage, the tale has given rise to theological discussions and has been the subject of a number of artworks.
The Acts of Peter is one of the earliest of the apocryphal Acts of the Apostles in Christianity, dating to the late 2nd century AD.The majority of the text has survived only in the Latin translation of the Codex Vercellensis, under the title Actus Petri cum Simone ("Act of Peter with Simon").
The apocryphal Acts of Peter (2nd cent.) (Vercelli Acts XXXV) [140] is the source for the tradition about the famous Latin phrase "Quo vadis, Domine?" (in Greek: Κύριε, ποῦ ὑπάγεις "Kyrie, pou hypageis?"), which means "Where are you going, Lord?". According to the story, Peter, fleeing Rome to avoid execution meets the risen Jesus.
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Acts 1:18 says that he purchased a field, then "falling headlong he burst open in the middle and all his bowels gushed out". According to the 18th-century historian Edward Gibbon, early Christians (second half of the second century and first half of the third century) believed that only Peter, Paul, and James, son of Zebedee, were martyred. [76]
The name "Acts of the Apostles" was first used by Irenaeus in the late 2nd century. It is not known whether this was an existing name for the book or one invented by Irenaeus; it does seem clear that it was not given by the author, as the word práxeis (deeds, acts) only appears once in the text (Acts 19:18) and there it refers not to the apostles but to deeds confessed by their followers.