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Heparin, also known as unfractionated heparin (UFH), is a medication and naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan. [3] [4] Heparin is a blood anticoagulant that increases the activity of antithrombin. [5] It is used in the treatment of heart attacks and unstable angina. [3] It can be given intravenously or by injection under the skin. [3]
Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is a class of anticoagulant medications. [1] They are used in the prevention of blood clots and, in the treatment of venous thromboembolism ( deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism ), and the treatment of myocardial infarction .
Heparin is the most widely used intravenous clinical anticoagulant worldwide. [82] Heparin is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan. There are three major categories of heparin: unfractionated heparin (UFH), low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), and ultra-low-molecular weight heparin (ULMWH). [83]
Enoxaparin is in the low molecular weight heparin family of medications. [11] Enoxaparin was first made in 1981 and approved for medical use in 1993. [12] [11] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [13] Enoxaparin is sold under several brand names and is available as a generic medication. [11]
Dalteparin is not superior to unfractionated heparin in preventing blood clots. [5] Heparins are cleared by the kidneys, but studies have shown that dalteparin does not accumulate even if kidney function is reduced. [6] Approximately 70% of dalteparin is excreted through kidneys based on animal studies. [7]
Tinzaparin is an antithrombotic drug in the heparin group. It is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) marketed as Innohep worldwide. It has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for once daily treatment and prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).
Parnaparin is an antithrombotic and belongs to the group of low molecular weight heparins.In the prevention and therapy of thromboembolic pathologies, the advent of this class of drugs represented a medical development, since they retain the same effectiveness of unfractionated heparin but with simpler dosing regimens and decreased side effects.
A 2021 review found that low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was superior to unfractionated heparin in the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism for people with cancer. [3] There are medication-based interventions and non-medication-based interventions. [4]