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While mass provisioning is typical of some eusocial lineages, such as some sweat bees and all stingless bees, many other eusocial insects, such as ants and honey bees, instead practise progressive provisioning, where the larvae are fed directly and continually during their development; as such, both highly eusocial and primitively eusocial lineages can perform either type of provisioning.
Progressive provisioning is a term used in entomology to refer to a form of parental behavior in which an adult (most commonly a hymenopteran such as a bee or wasp) feeds its larvae directly after they have hatched, feeding each larva repeatedly until it has completed development.
Parental care is any behaviour that contributes to offspring survival, such as building a nest, provisioning offspring with food, or defending offspring from predators. Reptiles may produce self-sufficient young needing no parental care, while some hatchling birds may be helpless at birth, relying on their parents for survival.
According to Ernst Mayr, professor of zoology at Harvard University, Darwin's most distinct contributions to evolutionary biology and ecology are as follows: "The first is the non-constancy of species, or the modern conception of evolution itself. The second is the notion of branching evolution, implying the common descent of all species of ...
The importance of ecology in the evolution of eusociality is supported by evidence such as experimentally induced reproductive division of labor, for example when normally solitary queens are forced together. [74] Conversely, female Damaraland mole-rats undergo hormonal changes that promote dispersal after periods of high rainfall. [75]
Ecology and Evolutionary biology in North America is based on research impact determined by the top 10% of ecology programs. The interactive web of organisms and environment are all part of what the field of Ecology explores. There have been studies in evolution that have worked to prove that "modern organisms have developed from ancestral ones."
Pre-adaptations: Pre-adaptations for social living, such as progressive provisioning, will push the group further toward eusociality. Mutations: Mutations will arise and be selected. Some genes are known to have been silenced in social insect history, leading to the reduction of dispersal behavior and the origin of the wingless caste.
Short-term evolution can affect the speed at which organisms adapt to fluctuating environments, and the rate of evolution can reshape the community structure. [3] [17] An example of eco-evolutionary dynamics in populations and communities is when two species interact. In a predator-prey system, eco-evolutionary feedback results in the ...
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related to: provisioning examples ecology and evolution