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The main control surfaces of a fixed-wing aircraft are attached to the airframe on hinges or tracks so they may move and thus deflect the air stream passing over them. This redirection of the air stream generates an unbalanced force to rotate the plane about the associated axis. Flight control surfaces of Boeing 727
Cockpit controls and instrument panel of a Cessna 182D Skylane. Generally, the primary cockpit flight controls are arranged as follows: [2] A control yoke (also known as a control column), centre stick or side-stick (the latter two also colloquially known as a control or joystick), governs the aircraft's roll and pitch by moving the ailerons (or activating wing warping on some very early ...
The flight deck control has three positions: off, automatic ("armed"), and manual (rarely used). On landing approach "automatic" is selected and, on touchdown, a sensor called a weight-on-wheels switch signals the lift dumpers to be raised. The flight control spoilers are also raised as additional lift dumpers.
Control panel for a Boeing 737-800 ECS. In aeronautics, an environmental control system (ECS) of an aircraft is an essential component which provides air supply, thermal control and cabin pressurization for the crew and passengers. Additional functions include the cooling of avionics, smoke detection, and fire suppression.
Aircraft designed by the Messerschmitt company employed automatic, spring-loaded leading-edge slats as a general rule, except for the Alexander Lippisch-designed Messerschmitt Me 163B Komet rocket fighter, which instead used fixed slots built integrally with, and just behind, the wing panel's outer leading edges.
The WS110A study proposed a long wing for subsonic takeoff and cruise, which then detached the outer panels to drop away, leaving a short-span wing for supersonic flight. (See also Slip wing below.) Extending wing or expanding wing: part of the wing retracts into the main aircraft structure to reduce drag and low-altitude buffet for high
The empennage (/ ˌ ɑː m p ɪ ˈ n ɑː ʒ / or / ˈ ɛ m p ɪ n ɪ dʒ /), also known as the tail or tail assembly, is a structure at the rear of an aircraft that provides stability during flight, in a way similar to the feathers on an arrow. [1] [2] [3] The term derives from the French language verb empenner which means "to feather an arrow ...
X-53 Active Aeroelastic Wing in flight. Several technology research and development efforts exist to integrate the functions of aircraft flight control systems such as ailerons, elevators, elevons and flaps into wings to perform the aerodynamic purpose with the advantages of less: mass, cost, drag, inertia (for faster, stronger control response), complexity (mechanically simpler, fewer moving ...