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Benzoyl peroxide is a chemical compound (specifically, an organic peroxide) with structural formula (C 6 H 5 −C(=O)O−) 2, often abbreviated as (BzO) 2. In terms of its structure, the molecule can be described as two benzoyl ( C 6 H 5 −C(=O)− , Bz) groups connected by a peroxide ( −O−O− ).
The benzoyl functional group. In organic chemistry, benzoyl (/ ˈ b ɛ n z oʊ ɪ l /, BENZ-oh-il) [1] is the functional group with the formula −COC 6 H 5 and structure −C(=O)−C 6 H 5. [2] [3] It can be viewed as benzaldehyde missing one hydrogen. The benzoyl group has a mass of 105 amu.
The benzoyl group is often abbreviated "Bz" (not to be confused with "Bn," which is used for benzyl), thus benzoic acid is also denoted as BzOH, since the benzoyl group has the formula – C 6 H 5 CO. It is the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. The name is derived from gum benzoin, which was for a long time its only source.
Benzoyl chloride, also known as benzenecarbonyl chloride, is an organochlorine compound with the formula C 7 H 5 ClO. It is a colourless, fuming liquid with an irritating odour, and consists of a benzene ring ( C 6 H 6 ) with an acyl chloride ( −C(=O)Cl ) substituent .
The equation also holds for reaction rates k of a series of reactions with substituted benzene derivatives: log k k 0 = σ ρ {\displaystyle \log {\frac {k}{k_{0}}}=\sigma \rho } In this equation k 0 {\displaystyle {k}_{0}} is the reference reaction rate of the unsubstituted reactant, and k that of a substituted reactant.
Benzoyl peroxide and hydrogen peroxide are used as bleaching and "maturing" agents for treating flour to make its grain release gluten more easily; the alternative is letting the flour slowly oxidize by air, which is too slow for the industrialized era. Benzoyl peroxide is an effective topical medication for treating most forms of acne.
In organic chemistry, the benzoin addition is an addition reaction involving two aldehydes (−CH=O).The reaction generally occurs between aromatic aldehydes or glyoxals (OCH=CHO), [1] [2] and results in formation of an acyloin (−C(O)CH(OH)−).
Benzyl is most commonly abbreviated Bn. For example, benzyl alcohol can be represented as BnOH. Less common abbreviations are Bzl and Bz, the latter of which is ambiguous as it is also the standard abbreviation for the benzoyl group C 6 H 5 C(O)−.