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[1]: 72 The Mission de Sainte-Marie was quite successful, and considered as "the jewel of the Jesuit mission in New France." More than a decade later it was destroyed by traditional Huron enemies, the Iroquois, [1]: 2 first in 1648 and again in 1649. [1]: 73 The Jesuits were killed along with the
All missions in Mexico were secularized by the Mexican secularization act of 1833 by 1834 and the last of the missionaries departed in 1840. Under secularization, native mission congregations lost their communal rights to the lands which they had farmed since baptism. Some of the mission churches survive and are still in use. [1]
Since 1493, the Kingdom of Spain had maintained a number of missions throughout Nueva España (New Spain, consisting of what is today Mexico, the Southwestern United States, the Florida and the Luisiana, Central America, the Spanish Caribbean and the Philippines) in order to preach the gospel to these lands.
The Jesuits agreed to set up hamlets at strategic points along the Paraná river, that were populated with Indians and maintained a separation from Spanish towns. [10] The Jesuits were to "enjoy a tax holiday for ten years" which extended longer. [10] This mission strategy continued for 150 years until the Jesuits were expelled in 1767.
Main altar of the Jesuit colegio in Tepozotlan, now the Museo Nacional del Virreinato. At the same time that the episcopal hierarchy was established, the Society of Jesus or Jesuits, a new religious order founded on new principles, came to Mexico in 1572. The Jesuits distinguished themselves in several ways.
Works by Enlightenment philosophers were owned and read in Spanish America, despite restrictions on the book trade and their inclusion on the Inquisition’s list of forbidden books . [6] The Jesuits were instrumental introducing new trends in philosophy to Spanish America, and following their expulsion in 1767, the Franciscans continued ...
Despite their dedication, they had little success in Asia, except in the Philippines. For instance, early missions in Japan resulted in the government granting the Jesuits the feudal fiefdom of Nagasaki in 1580. This was removed in 1587 due to fears over their growing influence. [30] Jesuits did, however, have much success in Latin America.
In Mexico, the early systematic evangelization by mendicants came to be known as the "Spiritual Conquest of Mexico". [ 1 ] Antonio de Montesinos , a Dominican friar on the island of Hispaniola , was the first member of the clergy to publicly denounce all forms of enslavement and oppression of the indigenous peoples of the Americas . [ 2 ]