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IL-6 is produced by adipocytes and is thought to be a reason why obese individuals have higher endogenous levels of CRP. [10] IL-6 may exert a tonic suppression of body fat in mature mice, given that IL-6 gene knockout causes mature onset obesity. [11] [12] [13] Moreover, IL-6 can suppress body fat mass via effects at the level of the CNS. [11]
However, many patients with iMCD do not demonstrate elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-6 levels are not strongly correlated with response to treatment with anti-IL-6 medications. [1] In cases where IL-6 does play a role, the underlying cause of elevated IL-6 levels and the cells responsible for producing IL-6 remain unknown. [2]
The concentration of this cytokine is usually very low or non-detectable in young adults though levels increase in old age and are very high in the elderly. [2] Moreover, elevated IL-6 has also been associated with disability and mortality in older adults. High serum levels are associated with cognitive impairment, low locomotion, and ...
Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α also trigger pathological pain. [1] While IL-1β is released by monocytes and macrophages, it is also present in nociceptive DRG neurons. IL-6 plays a role in neuronal reaction to an injury. TNF-α is a well known proinflammatory cytokine present in neurons and the glia.
1401 12944 Ensembl ENSG00000132693 ENSMUSG00000037942 UniProt P02741 P14847 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000567 NM_001329057 NM_001329058 NM_001382703 NM_007768 RefSeq (protein) NP_000558 NP_001315986 NP_001315987 NP_001369632 NP_031794 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 159.71 – 159.71 Mb Chr 1: 172.53 – 172.66 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse C-reactive protein (CRP) is an annular (ring ...
TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ are important for the expression of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes, and they also cause the production of platelet-activating factor and IL-6. After stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines, Kupffer cells produce IL-6 in the liver and present it to the hepatocytes. IL-6 is the major ...
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Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a protein that inhibits the synthesis of a number of cytokines, including IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNF, and GM-CSF produced by activated macrophages and by helper T cells. In structure, IL-10 is a protein of about 160 amino acids that contains four conserved cysteines involved in disulphide bonds. [33]
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