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The strut will usually carry both the coil spring, on which the body is suspended, and the shock absorber, which is usually in the form of a cartridge mounted within the strut (see coilover). The strut can also have the steering arm built into the lower outer portion. The whole assembly is very simple and can be pre-assembled into a unit.
The main advantage of RevoKnuckle compared to MacPherson struts is the reduction in torque steer, especially for high powered front-wheel drive (FWD) applications. The RevoKnuckle is intended for use on FWD platforms such as the Focus , Mondeo , and was used in the RS Mk2 version of the Ford Focus .
The wheel rate is calculated by taking the square of the ratio (0.5625) times the spring rate, thus obtaining 281.25 lbs/inch (49.25 N/mm). The ratio is squared because it has two effects on the wheel rate: it applies to both the force and the distance traveled. Wheel rate on independent suspension is fairly straightforward.
The MacPherson strut is a common form of strut suspension. This was not the first attempt at strut suspension, but in MacPherson's original patent, the anti-roll bar forms an integral and essential part of the suspension, in addition to its usual function in controlling body roll. A strut suspension like MacPherson's requires a hinged lower ...
In a traditional independent suspension, the camber and toe are based on the position of the wheel relative to the body. With twist-beam, if both wheels compress together, their camber and toe will not change. Thus, if both wheels started perpendicular to the road and are compressed together, they will stay perpendicular to the road.
Growing significantly in size, the Trans Sport was now offered in a standard 112-inch wheelbase (2.2 inches longer) and a 120-inch extended-wheelbase chassis (between the Ford Aerostar and the Ford Windstar as the longest-wheelbase minivan). The suspension used front MacPherson struts along with rear coil springs. [5]
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The front wheel drive Citroën Traction Avant from 1934 was the first to implement the idea in a serially produced car, featuring independent front torsion bar suspension and a flexible trailing dead axle, also sprung by torsion bars. The flexibility of the axle beam provided wheel location features like a twist beam axle. [6]