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The cause of proximity effect can be seen from the accompanying drawings of two parallel wires next to each other carrying alternating current (AC). [1] [2]: p.142-143 The righthand wire in each drawing has the top part transparent to show the currents inside the metal. Each drawing depicts a point in the alternating current cycle when the ...
Two current-carrying wires attract each other magnetically: The bottom wire has current I 1, which creates magnetic field B 1. The top wire carries a current I 2 through the magnetic field B 1, so (by the Lorentz force) the wire experiences a force F 12. (Not shown is the simultaneous process where the top wire makes a magnetic field which ...
Ampère's force law [15] [16] states that there is an attractive or repulsive force between two parallel wires carrying an electric current. This force is used in the formal definition of the ampere. The SI unit of charge, the coulomb, was then defined as "the quantity of electricity carried in 1 second by a current of 1 ampere".
The phenomenon was further investigated by Ampère, who discovered that two parallel current-carrying wires exerted a force upon each other: two wires conducting currents in the same direction are attracted to each other, while wires containing currents in opposite directions are forced apart. [53]
English: Diagram of two adjacent wires carrying an alternating (AC) electric current (I, red arrows) in the same direction, showing the origin of proximity effect.Proximity effect is a redistribution of current in a AC current-carrying conductor, due to currents induced by the time varying magnetic field of an adjacent conductor from Faraday's law of induction.
Furthering Ørsted's experimental work, Ampère showed that two parallel wires carrying electric currents attract or repel each other, depending on whether the currents flow in the same or opposite directions, respectively - this laid the foundation of electrodynamics.
In parallel wires carrying current in opposite directions, as here, it causes the current to concentrate on the side of the conductor adjacent to the neighboring conductor. It is caused by the magnetic field (B, green arrows) of the adjacent wire. The drawing shows the currents and magnetic field at a point in the AC cycle when the current is ...
One example of the Lorentz force is that, if two parallel wires are carrying current in the same direction, the wires will be pulled toward each other. In a Z-pinch machine the wires are replaced by a plasma, which can be thought of as many current-carrying wires. When a current is run through the plasma, the particles in the plasma are pulled ...