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The speech concluded with a request for one of the world's largest ionization smoke alarm manufacturers and the CSIRO to disclose the level of visible smoke required to trigger the manufacturers' ionization smoke alarms under CSIRO scientific testing. [69] The US state of California banned the sale of smoke detectors with replaceable batteries ...
In 1965 Pearsall began the long process to develop and market a home smoke detector powered by a battery which could be easily installed and replaced. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] These first units were dubbed "SmokeGard 700"; [ 9 ] Pearsall was awarded a design patent for this in 1973, [ 10 ] and began mass-producing them in 1975. [ 8 ]
Ionization-type smoke detectors are gaseous ionization detectors in widespread use. A small source of radioactive americium is placed so that it maintains a current between two plates that effectively form an ionisation chamber. If smoke gets between the plates where ionization is taking place, the ionized gas can be neutralized leading to a ...
With its half-life of 432.2 years, the americium in a smoke detector includes about 3% neptunium after 19 years, and about 5% after 32 years. The radiation passes through an ionization chamber, an air-filled space between two electrodes, and permits a small, constant current between the electrodes. Any smoke that enters the chamber absorbs the ...
The alarm's circuitry detects this drop in the current and as a result, triggers the piezoelectric buzzer to sound. Compared to the alternative optical smoke detector, the ionization smoke detector is cheaper and can detect particles which are too small to produce significant light scattering. However, it is more prone to false alarms.
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