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Ancylostoma caninum is a species of nematode known as a hookworm, which principally infects the small intestine of dogs. [1] [2] [3] The result of A. caninum infection ranges from asymptomatic cases to death of the dog; better nourishment, increasing age, prior A. caninum exposure, or vaccination are all linked to improved survival.
The larvae migrate from the lungs up the windpipe to be swallowed and carried back down to the intestine. If humans come into contact with larvae of dog hookworms or cat hookworms, or of certain other hookworms that do not infect humans, the larvae may penetrate the skin. Sometimes, the larvae are unable to complete their migratory cycle in humans.
Dogs may additionally experience anemia, hemorrhagic diarrhea, anorexia and dehydration. [1] Cattle may experience skin lesions, anemia, and rapid weight loss. [1] Diagnosis for many forms of hookworm infections is confirmed through fecal analysis to identify hookworm eggs. [10] In animals, fecal floatation is used to detect hookworm eggs. [1]
Deworm pet dogs and cats. Canine and feline hookworms rarely develop to adulthood in humans. Ancylostoma caninum, the common dog hookworm, occasionally develops into an adult to cause eosinophilic enteritis in people, but their invasive larvae can cause an itchy rash called cutaneous larva migrans.
Cutaneous larva migrans (abbreviated CLM) is a skin disease in humans, caused by the larvae of various nematode parasites of the hookworm family (Ancylostomatidae).The parasites live in the intestines of dogs, cats, and wild animals; they should not be confused with other members of the hookworm family for which humans are definitive hosts, namely Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus.
Roundworm infection in dogs and the hookworm in dogs is of particular health significance in Central Europe, as they can also be transmitted to humans . Regular deworming can significantly reduce the frequency of infection and thus the risk of infection for humans and dogs.
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Uncinaria stenocephala is a nematode that parasitizes dogs, cats, and foxes as well as humans. It is rare to find in cats in the United States. Uncinaria stenocephala is the most common canine hookworm in cooler regions, such as Canada and the northern regions of the US, where it can be found primarily in foxes (40%). [1]
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